" Mr. Garlikov, I want to thank you. I
have just finished
reading your "Introduction to Ethics", and I loved it! You
are a very good teacher and really know how to get your point
across.
Normally I have to read through material at least twice before I can
begin
to grasp what the author is trying to say. I just wanted to thank
you because you have a wonderful way with words and it really helped me
out." -- Vanessa V. [unsolicited e-mail about "An Introduction to
Ethics,"]
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This work consists of two chapters from the book The
Meaning of Love, by Richard Garlikov, which serve as a
self-contained
introduction to the subject of ethics. This introduction should be
helpful
to anyone who is taking an introductory level college course in ethics
or anyone who would like to learn about moral philosophy on his or her
own. The introduction is logical and analytic but should be
interesting,
readable, and clear to any reasonably serious reader, especially one
who
likes to think about a subject while reading. Interesting, easily
recognized
examples from daily life illustrate and explain the points that are
made.
Topics in the booklet "An
Introduction to Ethics":
- "Who's to say" what is right or wrong? (And "Does
morality
depend on
religion or what God says?")
- The meaning of terms such as 'good', 'bad', 'right',
'wrong', 'duty',
'ought', 'obligation', 'motive', 'consequences', 'intentions', etc.
- Reasons why the distinctions between motive,
intention,
and act are
important.
- Evidence for the objectivity of ethics, and
invalidity
of
the evidence
that ethics is just subjective
- The nature of moral responsibility
- Normative ethics: seeking the highest ethical
principles
and values:
- Theories holding that right actions are those
which
have
the best overall
consequences (and ideas about what the "best" or "good" consequences
are)
- egoism -- best consequences for the person doing
the
act
- altruism -- best consequences for others
- utilitarianism -- best consequences for the
greatest
number
- Theories holding that something other than the
value
of
consequences
is what makes acts right or wrong:
- Kant's principles
- the Golden Rule
- various lists of specific rules, laws, or
regulations
- duties, such as promise keeping, paying debts,
obligations to family,
etc.
- principles of reasonable or fair distribution
- Problems with all the above theories
- A theory of obligation and of right which takes into
account the above
theories and their problems.
- Whether, and why, one should be ethical
(particularly
when
it goes against
one's own self-interest)
More Information
About The Meaning of Love
Online
philosophical
papers, on ethics and
on philosophy
of
education, by Richard Garlikov
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